general physiology questions MBBS

General physiology questions MBBS

1. What is physiology? Importance of physiology.
2. The goal of physiology.
3. What is homeostasis? Who first coined the term homeostasis?
4. Describe a negative feedback mechanism with an example.
5. How homeostasis is maintained in our bodies?
6. What is a positive feedback mechanism? Describe with example and importance.
7. Why a positive feedback mechanism is called the viscus cycle?
8. What do you mean by the internal environment?
9. Draw and label a cell membrane.
10. Enumerate the function of protein present in the cell membrane.
11. Name the organelles of the human cell.
12. The physiological importance of ER and Mitochondria?
13. Write about mitochondria with function.
14. Short notes on
    -Apoptosis
    -Na+ K- pump
    -Active transport
15. Name transport processes for micromolecules.
16. Importance of Na⁺K^-
17. Difference between
    -Active transport process and facilitated diffusion.
    -Active transport and passive transport.
18. Difference between lysosome and peroxisome.
19. What is the resting membrane potential?
20. How RMP produced and maintained?
21. How Na⁺K^- pump maintain cell volume?
22. Why ICF is called a fluid buffer system? Why ISF is called a fluid buffer compartment?
23. Function endoplasmic reticulum.
24. Why the resting membrane potential is negative.
25. Why ECF is called the internal environment?
26. Write down the beneficial effect of a positive feedback mechanism.
27. Write down the beneficial effect of a positive feedback mechanism.
28. Describe intracellular communication with an example of each.
29. What is an action potential? Draw and label it.

blood questions MBBS

Blood questions MBBS

1. What is blood?
2. Name the formed elements of blood.
3. Enumerate the function of blood and its composition.
4. List the plasma proteins with their normal value and function. Where are they synthesized? State one function of each.
5. Short notes on:
   -Plasma protein
   -Erythropoietin
   -Immunity
6. What is erythropoiesis? steps of erythropoiesis. With diagram.
7. Role of platelet in erythropoiesis.
8. Changes occur during erythropoiesis.
9. Name the factor influencing erythropoiesis.
10. Now cell-mediated immunity is produced in our body?
11. What is an antigen, antibody, and anisocytosis?
12. Steps of Hb synthesis.
13. The fate of RBC.
14. Define anemia. Cause of hemolytic anemia.
15. Name the investigation for the diagnosis of anemia. Classify anemia. How you can detect anemia in the laboratory.
16. An important cause of eosinophilia.
17. What are anisocytosis and poikilocytosis?
18. The function of neutrophil and macrophage.
19. Give the step of hemostasis. role of platelet in it.
20. Name the coagulants of blood.
21. What are the essential cottontail clotting factors? What are the vitamin K dependent clotting factors?
22. Name two vit-k dependent anticoagulants with their mechanism of action.
23. What are the basic stages of blood coagulation?
24. Discuss the extrinsic mechanism of blood coagulation.
25. How prothrombin activator is formed?
26. Compare between extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.
27. Why blood does not coagulate in the normal vascular system.
28. Mechanism of warfarin as an anticoagulant.
29. Name the bleeding disorder. Test for assessing bleeding disorders.
30. What is hemophilia?
31. Short notes on hemophilia.
32. RH(+ve) person is safer than RH(-ve) person. Explain.
33. What is erythroblastosis fetalis?
34. Short notes on Exchange transfusion.
35. Indication of blood/plasma transfusion.
36. Effect of mismatched blood transfusion.
37. The complication of blood transfusion. Chemical risk of blood transfusion.
38. What are the criteria for blood donor selection?
39. Classify blood group.
40. What is blood coagulation?
41. Difference between hemophilia and purpura.
42. Describe the changes during erythropoiesis. Maturation of RBC.
43. Describe the morphological classification of anemia.
44. Give the differential count of WBC, RBC, platelets. Discuss the properties of WBC.
45. Why does anemia occur due to Vit-B and folic acid deficiency?
46. Clot retraction.
47. Effects of hypoxia in erythropoiesis.
48. Name some natural anticoagulants.
49. What is diapedesis?
50. Short note on:
    Hypoxia
    Anemia
51. The hazard of blood transfusion.
52. States the morphology and function of platelets.
53. What are transcytosis and conditioned plasma?
54. What is granulopoiesis? Show with a diagram the different stages of granulopoiesis.
55. Name the formed elements of blood with their normal values in the SI unit.

General Physiology and Blood questions