Fever meaning in Hindi

Fever meaning in Hindi is Bukhaar. Bukhaar/Joor is the actual Hindi word for fever. Fever, translated as 'Bkhukar' in Hindi, refers to a medical symptom characterized by an elevated body temperature above the normal range, which is typically around 98.6°F (37°C) when measured orally.

Fever is commonly known as “Bukhaar” or “Joor” in Hindi. There are other synonyms to describe Nausea meaning in Hindi. But to be specific, “Bukhaar" is the actual typical meaning of Fever in Hindi.

Other synonyms more likely indicating the meaning of fever meaning in Hindi are Bhukhaar, Joor, Taap, Ucha Tatcrum, etc.

Fever, also known as pyrexia, is a medical condition characterized by an elevation of body temperature that exceeds the normal daily variation {an A.M. temperature of > 37.2 degree Celsius (98.9 degrees Fahrenheit) or a P.M. temperature of 37.7 degrees Celsius (99.9 degrees Fahrenheit).  The average body temperature in children is higher as compared to adults. It varies between 36.1 and 37.8 degrees Celsius on rectal measurement.

Measurement of Body temperature

The core body temperature can be measured at several sites including the oral cavity, axilla, rectum, ear canal, and over-temporal artery. The rectal method is the most accurate measurement of temperature and fever, defined as a rectal temperature of more than 38 degrees Celsius or 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit. However, in clinical practice, measurement of rectal temperature is not always possible. In children below the age of 4 - 5 years, axillary temperature may be used if taken correctly. The axillary temperature is on average 0.5-1 degree Celsius lower than the rectal temperature. In infants below the age of 3 months if the axillary measurement of temperature show fever then it should be confirmed by rectal temperature.

What happens to temperature in menstruating females?

The a.m. temperature is generally lower during the 2 weeks before ovulation; it then rises by about 0.6 degree Celsius (1 degree Fahrenheit) with ovulation and stays at that level until menses occur.

Mechanism of fever

Fever occurs in conjunction with an increase in the hypothalamic set point (e.g. from 37 to 39 degrees Celsius). there is various mechanism to raise the core temperature to a new set point such as cutaneous vasoconstriction leading to heat conservation, shivering occurring in muscles, and non-shivering thermogenesis occurring in the liver leading to head production and behavioural adjustment.

Difference between hyperpyrexia and hyperthermia

In hyperpyrexia, the temperature is >41.5 degrees Celsius while in hyperthermia temperature is >40.5 degree Celsius. In hyperpyrexia, there is an increase in the hypothalamic set point and an increase in PGE2 whereas in hyperthermia hypothalamic set point is normal. Causes of hyperpyrexia are microbes, toxins, and CNS hemorrhage while causes of hyperthermia are an increase in environmental temperature (heat stroke) or increased heat production by muscles. sweating is present in hyperpyrexia so cold skin whereas sweating is absent in hyperthermia and skin is hot and dry. treatment of hyperpyrexia is the treatment of the underlying cause and NSAIDs whereas in hyperthermia treatment is water therapy.


Pathogenesis of fever:

Infection, microbial toxins, mediators of inflammation, and immune reactions activate monocytes/macrophages, and endothelial cells leading to the release of pyrogenic cytokines; IL-1, IL-6, TNF, and IFN which enter the systemic circulation from where they reach hypothalamic endothelium. once they reach the hypothalamic endothelium there is the formation of PGE2 leading to the formation of cyclic AMP which causes elevation of thermoregulatory set point causing heat production and heat conservation leading to fever.


Causes of fever

There are various causes of fever. fever is usually related to infections like abscesses at any site, urinary tract infections, dental and sinus infections, bone and joint infections, malaria, dengue, brucellosis, enteric fever, infective endocarditis, tuberculosis, viral infections like CMV, EBV, HIV), fungal infections.  other causes of malignancy such as lymphoma and myeloma, leukemia, solid tumors(renal, liver, colon stomach, pancreas), connective tissue rheumatic fever, still disease, polymyositis, and miscellaneous causes are inflammatory bowel disease, sarcoidosis, thyrotoxicosis, etc.


When the reduction of fever should be given priority?

Reduction of fever should be a priority in patients with a past/ family history of febrile seizures, those critically ill, those with cardiorespiratory failure, those with disturbed fluid and electrolyte balance, or with temperatures exceeding 40 degrees Celsius.

The treatment of fever depends on its underlying cause and the severity of the symptoms. In many cases, fever is a natural response of the body's immune system and may not require specific treatment, as it helps the body fight off infections. However, if the fever is causing discomfort or is associated with other concerning symptoms, some general measures can help manage it:

1. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids, such as water, clear soups, or oral rehydration solutions, to prevent dehydration, which can be a risk during a fever.

2. Rest: Get enough rest and avoid overexertion to allow your body to recover.

3. cold water sponging

4. Maintain Comfortable Room Temperature: Keep the room temperature at a comfortable level, neither too hot nor too cold.

5. Wear Light Clothing: Wear light, breathable clothing to avoid overheating.

6. Use Fever-Reducing Medications: Over-the-counter medications like paracetamol or ibuprofen can help lower fever and reduce discomfort.